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In-depth guides, tutorials, and techniques for penetration testers and security researchers.
Master XSS filter & WAF bypass with copy-ready payloads: case variation, encoding, alternative event handlers, obfuscation, polyglots & DOM sinks.
Master cross-site scripting with 60+ XSS payloads. Learn reflected, stored, and DOM-based XSS techniques, filter bypass methods, and real-world exploitation strategies.
Complete reverse shell reference with one-liners for Bash, Python, PHP, PowerShell, Node.js, Go, and 20+ more languages. Includes listener setup and shell stabilization.
Learn how to test for SQL injection vulnerabilities. Covers boolean-based, time-based, UNION-based, and error-based techniques for MySQL, PostgreSQL, MSSQL, and Oracle.
Deep dive into Server-Side Request Forgery. Learn IP bypass techniques, cloud metadata extraction from AWS/GCP/Azure, protocol smuggling, and filter evasion.
Comprehensive guide to JWT security testing. Covers none algorithm, algorithm confusion (RS256→HS256), JWK injection, KID manipulation, and weak secret detection.
Learn proven WAF bypass techniques including multi-layer encoding, chunked transfer encoding, case manipulation, comment injection, and HTTP parameter pollution to evade web application firewalls.
Complete guide to file upload vulnerability testing. Learn to bypass extension filters, content-type checks, magic byte validation, and achieve remote code execution through unrestricted file uploads.
Master Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) exploitation across Jinja2, Twig, Freemarker, Velocity, and more. Learn detection, identification, and RCE techniques for every major template engine.
Master OS command injection with payloads for blind detection, out-of-band data exfiltration, filter bypass techniques, and platform-specific exploitation for Linux and Windows.
Complete guide to NoSQL injection attacks. Learn MongoDB operator injection, authentication bypass, data exfiltration, JavaScript injection, and exploitation techniques for CouchDB, Cassandra, and other NoSQL databases.
Learn LDAP injection techniques including authentication bypass, blind LDAP injection, filter manipulation, and data extraction. Complete cheat sheet with 40+ payloads for penetration testers.
Complete IDOR testing methodology for bug bounty hunters. Learn parameter tampering, UUID predictability analysis, horizontal and vertical privilege escalation, and automated IDOR detection techniques.
Master race condition exploitation in web applications. Learn TOCTOU attacks, limit bypass techniques, double-spend vulnerabilities, and parallel request methods using curl and Turbo Intruder.
Complete guide to XPath injection attacks including authentication bypass, blind XPath injection, data extraction from XML databases, and XPath 2.0 exploitation techniques with practical payloads.
Master CORS misconfiguration attacks: origin reflection, null origin, wildcard subdomains, and credential theft. Real-world techniques + PoC payloads.
Walk through a fictional 5-stage CTF challenge — from recon to root — using nothing but Payload Playground tools. Covers dork generation, header analysis, JWT exploitation, SQL injection, SSTI, encoding pipelines, and reverse shells.
Complete guide to prototype pollution exploitation in JavaScript. Learn client-side DOM clobbering, server-side Node.js RCE via gadget chains, AST injection, and bypassing sanitization libraries.
Complete GraphQL security testing guide. Learn introspection enumeration, batching attacks, deep query DoS, field suggestion exploitation, injection via GraphQL arguments, and bypassing depth and rate limiters.
Master XML External Entity (XXE) injection from basic file retrieval to blind out-of-band exfiltration via DNS and HTTP. Covers SVG/DOCX file upload vectors, PHP wrappers, and filter bypass techniques.
Learn how to bypass modern CSRF defenses including SameSite cookies, token validation flaws, Referer header checks, and JSON CSRF. Includes real PoC HTML forms for penetration testers.
Deep dive into HTTP request smuggling attacks including CL.TE and TE.CL variants with Burp Suite setups, timing-based detection, HTTP/2 downgrade smuggling, and real-world impact including cache poisoning and session hijacking.
Complete guide to subdomain takeover attacks — how to find dangling CNAME records, identify vulnerable cloud services (AWS S3, GitHub Pages, Heroku, Azure), claim subdomains, and automate discovery with nuclei and subjack.
Learn how web cache poisoning works by exploiting unkeyed HTTP headers. Covers X-Forwarded-Host injection, cache buster techniques, XSS delivery via CDN cache, and service-specific techniques for Cloudflare, Varnish, and Akamai.
Comprehensive guide to OAuth 2.0 security flaws including implicit grant token leakage, CSRF on authorization endpoints, open redirect in redirect_uri, state parameter bypass, PKCE bypass, and account takeover via OAuth misconfigurations.
Master insecure deserialization exploitation across Java, PHP, Python, and .NET. Covers Java gadget chains with ysoserial, PHP magic method abuse, Python pickle RCE, and .NET BinaryFormatter gadget chains with detection techniques.
Deep dive into CRLF injection attacks — HTTP header injection, response splitting, Set-Cookie injection for session fixation, log injection, and XSS via carriage return/line feed characters. Includes encoding tricks to bypass modern filters.
Complete guide to clickjacking and UI redressing attacks — basic iframe overlay PoC, double-click jacking, drag-and-drop jacking, bypassing X-Frame-Options and CSP frame-ancestors, multistep clickjacking, and keylogging via iframes.
Master open redirect vulnerability exploitation — finding redirect parameters, domain bypass tricks, protocol-relative URLs, open redirect to XSS, OAuth redirect_uri hijacking, SSRF chaining, and real-world bypass patterns for filters and WAFs.
Learn how attackers bypass Content Security Policy using JSONP endpoints, Angular template injection, script gadgets, and nonce prediction to achieve XSS despite strict headers.
Practical guide to finding and exploiting all 10 OWASP API Security vulnerabilities, from BOLA/IDOR and mass assignment to broken authentication and security misconfigurations.
Learn how mass assignment vulnerabilities work in Rails, Laravel, and Node.js, and how to exploit them to escalate privileges, modify balances, and bypass verification controls.
A practical guide to testing broken authentication — credential stuffing, brute force bypass, session fixation, weak token prediction, password reset poisoning, and account enumeration.
Complete guide to path traversal and Local File Inclusion exploitation — encoding bypasses, PHP wrappers, log poisoning, and chaining LFI to full remote code execution.
Deep dive into advanced SSRF exploitation — bypassing URL filters with IPv6 and hex encoding, accessing AWS/GCP/Azure metadata, pivoting to internal services, and DNS rebinding attacks.
DOM-based XSS: sources-to-sinks cheat sheet, taint-flow analysis, DOM clobbering, postMessage and mutation XSS, prevention via DOMPurify and Trusted Types.
Comprehensive guide to WebSocket security testing — cross-site WebSocket hijacking (CSWSH), message injection, SQLi via WebSocket, WebSocket smuggling, and testing with wscat and Burp Suite.
Learn how to find and exploit business logic vulnerabilities — price manipulation, coupon stacking, workflow step skipping, 2FA bypass, account merge exploits, and race conditions.
Complete guide to GraphQL security testing — schema enumeration via introspection, batching attacks for brute force, alias-based rate limit bypass, IDOR in GraphQL, and injection via arguments.
Complete Active Directory attack methodology covering Kerberoasting, AS-REP Roasting, Pass-the-Hash, DCSync, BloodHound enumeration, and Golden/Silver Ticket attacks with impacket, CrackMapExec, and Evil-WinRM.
Master SMB exploitation techniques including null session enumeration with enum4linux and smbclient, EternalBlue (MS17-010) detection, Pass-the-Hash, CrackMapExec lateral movement, and SMB relay attacks with Responder.
Learn how to exploit exposed Redis instances: SSH key injection, cron-based reverse shells, WebShell via SAVE, Redis module loading for RCE, and techniques for bypassing authenticated Redis configurations.
Comprehensive AWS penetration testing methodology covering IAM enumeration, privilege escalation paths, S3 bucket misconfigurations, EC2 IMDS exploitation, and secrets discovery in CloudTrail, SSM, and Lambda.
Kubernetes penetration testing methodology covering kubectl enumeration, RBAC abuse, privileged pod escape with nsenter, service account token exploitation, etcd data dumping, kubelet API attacks, and namespace breakout.
Master Docker container escape techniques: detecting container environments, Docker socket abuse, privileged container escape via nsenter, cgroups v1 release_agent exploitation, CAP_SYS_ADMIN abuse, and Docker API exploitation.
Master nmap for penetration testing: port scan types, service and OS detection, essential NSE scripts for vulnerability discovery, firewall evasion with fragmentation and decoys, and output format integration.
Complete DNS reconnaissance guide covering zone transfers, certificate transparency, subdomain brute forcing with ffuf and amass, passive DNS sources, wildcard detection, DNS-based SSRF, and cloud resource discovery.
Learn to exploit cloud metadata services across AWS (IMDSv1 and IMDSv2 bypass), GCP, and Azure via SSRF. Covers token extraction, IAM role credential theft, Kubernetes service account abuse, and lateral movement chains.
Master lateral movement in penetration tests: Pass-the-Hash with impacket, WMI and DCOM execution, RDP session hijacking without passwords, PowerShell remoting, SSH agent forwarding abuse, and detection evasion strategies.
Master Android app security testing with ADB enumeration, APK decompilation using apktool and jadx, static analysis for hardcoded secrets, and Frida dynamic instrumentation for SSL pinning bypass and runtime hooking.
Complete guide to iOS app penetration testing — set up Frida on a jailbroken device, use objection for keychain extraction and SSL pinning bypass, hook Objective-C and Swift methods at runtime, and perform IPA static analysis.
Learn how to bypass SSL/TLS certificate pinning on iOS and Android apps using Frida, objection, SSLKillSwitch2, APK patching, and network_security_config.xml modification to intercept HTTPS traffic in Burp Suite.
Complete Linux privilege escalation methodology covering automated enumeration with linpeas, SUID binary exploitation via GTFOBins, sudo misconfiguration abuse, cron job hijacking, kernel exploits, and Linux capabilities.
Master Windows privilege escalation with automated tools (winpeas, PowerUp), AlwaysInstallElevated MSI abuse, unquoted service paths, token impersonation with PrintSpoofer, DLL hijacking, stored credentials, and UAC bypass.
Master password cracking with Hashcat and John the Ripper. Covers hash identification, all Hashcat attack modes, critical hash types (NTLM, NetNTLMv2, Kerberoast, bcrypt), wordlist and rule attacks, and GPU vs CPU performance.
Learn how to upgrade a raw Netcat reverse shell to a fully interactive TTY with tab completion, job control, and vim support. Covers Python pty, socat, stty settings, rlwrap, Windows ConPTY, and SSH key injection.
Comprehensive guide to establishing persistence on Linux and Windows systems — crontab, systemd services, registry Run keys, WMI subscriptions, and credential dumping with Mimikatz, procdump, and comsvcs.dll.
Master CTF web challenges with a systematic methodology — source code review, common vulnerability patterns like SSTI and SSRF, PHP type juggling, JWT none algorithm bypass, SQL injection, and chaining multiple bugs for flags.
Start your bug bounty career with a proven methodology — how programs work on HackerOne and Bugcrowd, reading scope documents, recon techniques, easy beginner wins, writing quality vulnerability reports, and avoiding common mistakes.
Learn how to write professional penetration test reports that clients actually read. Covers executive summaries, CVSS scoring, reproducible steps, evidence collection, and remediation recommendations.
A complete recon methodology for bug bounty hunters and penetration testers. From passive OSINT with Shodan, GitHub dorking, and certificate transparency to active subdomain enumeration and attack surface mapping.
Advanced Burp Suite techniques for penetration testers. Master Intruder attack types, essential extensions like Turbo Intruder and Param Miner, custom scan profiles, Bambdas, and efficient HTTP history searching.
Write custom Nuclei templates step by step — from basic HTTP matchers to multi-step auth flows, DSL expressions, fuzzing, and extractors. Includes copy-paste template examples for common vulnerability classes.
Practical testing methodology for all 10 OWASP 2021 categories. Covers broken access control, injection, security misconfiguration, SSRF, and more with real-world test cases and tool recommendations.
Deep dive into encoding techniques for security testing — URL encoding, HTML entities, Base64, Unicode normalization, and multi-layer encoding chains for bypassing WAFs and input filters.
Learn how to detect, fingerprint, and bypass Web Application Firewalls. Covers wafw00f, Cloudflare bypass, ModSecurity evasion, encoding tricks, parameter pollution, and systematic WAF rule testing.
Learn where secrets get exposed and how to find them. Covers GitHub dorking, trufflehog, gitleaks, JavaScript file analysis, Shodan searches, and responsible disclosure when you find real credentials.
Learn Python penetration testing scripting from the ground up. Covers the requests library, writing SQLi fuzzers, threading for parallel testing, raw sockets, Scapy, and building a port scanner.
Complete guide to hash identification and cracking. Covers MD5, bcrypt, NTLM, Kerberos hashes, hashcat modes, effective wordlists, rules, brute force masks, and GPU-based cracking strategies.
A pentester's guide to account takeover: password reset poisoning, token leakage, OAuth account linking abuse, CSRF chains, and the defenses that stop them.
Pentester's guide to S3 misconfiguration: bucket enumeration, public ACLs and policy flaws, exposed objects, bucket takeover, and secure-by-default configuration.
Hands-on Azure and Entra ID pentest guide: OAuth token theft, managed identity IMDS abuse, RBAC and role escalation, illicit consent phishing, and AzureHound tooling.
A practical pentester's guide to testing broken access control: vertical and horizontal privilege escalation, forced browsing, HTTP method tampering, and durable fixes.
A pentester's guide to attacking CI/CD: poisoned pipeline execution, GitHub Actions expression injection, secret exfiltration, and OIDC trust-policy abuse — with defenses.
A pentester's guide to content discovery with ffuf and feroxbuster — wordlist strategy, recursion, extension fuzzing, backup files, vhost discovery, and filtering noise.
A pentester's guide to dependency confusion: how internal package squatting works, scoped-package nuances, detection across npm/PyPI/Maven, and remediation.
A pentester's guide to DOM clobbering: id/name attribute abuse, breaking HTML sanitizers, building gadget chains to DOM XSS, real-world impact, and concrete defenses.
How pentesters find and exploit exposed .git directories: dumping the repo, mining secrets from history, GitHub dorking, automated tools, and defenses.
Deep dive into OGNL and SpEL expression language injection: detection probes, RCE chains in Struts and Spring, sandbox escapes, and concrete defenses for pentesters.
A hands-on GCP penetration testing methodology: service account abuse, metadata server token theft, IAM privilege escalation, Cloud Storage misconfig, and tooling.
Deep dive on GraphQL batching and aliasing attacks: how array batching, alias amplification, and field duplication bypass rate limits, brute-force OTPs, and cause DoS — plus query cost limits that stop them.
A pentester's guide to gRPC security testing: server reflection, grpcurl recon, protobuf tampering, auth and metadata abuse, fuzzing, and secure design defenses.
A practical guide to finding hidden HTTP parameters with Arjun and Param Miner, building targeted wordlists, and chaining discovery into mass assignment exploits.
A pentester's guide to Host header injection: password reset poisoning, web cache poisoning, routing-based SSRF, virtual host confusion, and how to fix them.
A pentester's guide to HTTP Parameter Pollution: how servers parse duplicate parameters, WAF bypass via split payloads, exploitation patterns, and defenses.
A pentester-grade guide to defending JWTs: pin algorithms, manage signing keys, enforce expiry, build revocation, and validate claims securely.
Deep dive into JWT algorithm confusion: forging RS256→HS256 tokens with the public key, the none alg bypass, jwk/jku injection, and concrete defenses.
A pentester's deep dive into Kerberoasting and AS-REP Roasting: how to request tickets, crack TGS-REP/AS-REP hashes with hashcat, plus detection and mitigation.
A pentester's guide to LLM prompt injection: direct and indirect attacks, jailbreaks, data exfiltration via tool calls, the OWASP LLM Top 10, and real defenses.
A pentester's guide to Log4Shell (CVE-2021-44228): how JNDI lookup injection works, detection payloads, OAST callbacks, WAF bypass via nested lookups, and remediation.
A pentester's guide to multi-factor authentication bypass — response manipulation, OTP brute force, backup-code abuse, flow skipping, race conditions, and secure design defenses.
A pentester's deep dive into OAuth 2.0 authorization code flow weaknesses: state-parameter CSRF, PKCE code interception, redirect_uri validation flaws, and secure fixes.
A pentester's guide to network pivoting: SSH port forwards, dynamic SOCKS, proxychains, chisel, ligolo-ng, and chaining double pivots through segmented networks.
How postMessage vulnerabilities arise from missing origin checks and dangerous sinks — exploitation walkthroughs, real-world patterns, and secure handler design for pentesters.
Bypass rate limits with IP header spoofing, path/case/encoding tricks, race-condition windows, and distributed requests — plus defenses that actually hold. For authorized testing.
A pentester's guide to ReDoS: how catastrophic backtracking works, how to spot vulnerable regex, craft killer payloads, and write linear-time safe patterns.
A pentester's guide to SAML attacks: XML signature wrapping (XSW), comment injection, IdP/SP confusion, assertion tampering, and the defenses that actually work.
A pentester's guide to Server-Side Includes (SSI) injection: directive syntax, command execution, file disclosure, blind detection, and remediation.
How CRLF in mail headers leads to sender spoofing, BCC injection, and SMTP smuggling — exploitation methodology and remediation for authorized testers.
A hands-on SNMP enumeration guide for pentesters: brute-forcing community strings, snmpwalk across versions, parsing MIB OIDs, abusing writable RW communities, and hardening SNMPv3.
A pentester's deep dive into bypassing SSRF protections: IP encoding tricks, URL parser confusion, DNS rebinding, redirect chaining, scheme abuse, and reaching cloud metadata.
A pentester's guide to two-factor authentication implementation flaws — enrollment bypass, recovery-flow abuse, broken session binding, OTP brute force, and secure patterns.
A practical web cache deception guide: how path confusion, delimiter discrepancies, and static-extension tricks cache authenticated pages, plus exploitation and fixes.
A deep technical guide to cross-site WebSocket hijacking (CSWSH): handshake mechanics, exploitation, Origin validation bypasses, token handling, and robust defenses.
A pentester's deep dive into Windows UAC bypass techniques: auto-elevating binaries, fodhelper and computerdefaults, registry hijacks, DLL sideloading, detection, and mitigation.
A pentester's guide to XSLT injection: fingerprint the processor, read local files, reach internal services via document(), and escalate to RCE through Xalan, Saxon, and PHP extension functions.